Now, the actual coding starts. Because this phase includes coding, it is the most important phase of the SDLC for the developer team. Moreover, this is the longest phase of the entire software development lifecycle. Once the code is fully developed, testing of the same is carried against the requirements. During this phase of the SDLC, various types of functional testing, such as acceptance testing, integration testing, system testing, and unit testing, as well as the non-functional testing is carried out.
Also known as the deployment phase, the implementation phase is carried out right after the successful testing of the software product. The first thing that takes place once the product is delivered to the customer is beta testing.
All the bugs and enhancements are then reported to the developer team working on the project afterward. Once all the changes are complete, the final deployment takes place. At last, the maintenance phase is executed. This needs to be done time and again.
Disadvantages of using the SDLC emerge when there is a need for many iterations of the development or when stakeholders need to review the software being designed on a regular basis. There are several alternatives to SDLC. Desirable advantages of RAD are active user involvement, faster approach, and reduced development cost. There are several variants of the SDLC, known as models or methodologies, which are used by development teams around the world. Each one of them has its own set of advantages as well as disadvantages over the others.
Though the approach might differ from model to model, each SDLC methodology has the goal of enabling the development team to deliver high-quality software in a cost-effective and quick manner.
Here are 7 of the most popular SDLC methodologies explained in detail:. Though the Agile model is available for almost a decade now, it has gained traction only recently. The popularity of the Agile methodology is so great that some organizations are even using it for non-software related projects.
Agile methodology is based on an incremental and iterative approach. Fast failure is a desirable aspect of the Agile methodology. It produces ongoing release cycles. Each of them features small changes over the previous release. The product being developed is tested at each iteration. A Scrum is a form of implementation of the Agile methodology that helps development teams to structure complex project requirements.
To complete assigned tasks, Scrum teams work in sprints, which is a period that could last anywhere between 2 to 4 weeks. Daily Scrum meetings are organized to help the complete team monitor progress made throughout the project up until that point. The one in charge of the Scrum team is known as the ScrumMaster.
The DevOps methodology emerged from two trends: the application of Agile and Lean models to the operations team and the general shift in business to seeing the value of cooperation between the operations and development staff at all the stages of the SDLC process.
DevOps is a contraction for developers and operations. Following a DevOps methodology, the developer and operations teams work in tandem to accelerate and innovate the deployment and generation of highly-reliable software products. Important highlights of the DevOps model are continuous feedback, discipline, process improvement, and automation of as many as manual development processes as possible.
Updates made to the software under development are brief but at a higher frequency. Instead of beginning with complete knowledge of requirements, project development teams following the Iterative methodology implement a set of software requirements.
Subsequently, they test, evaluate, and identify further requirements. Each phase or iteration of the Iterative model produces a newer, better version of the software under development.
A rinse and repeat approach is followed until the final software comes into shape. Once the project is planned, the developers build out the user design with the help of various prototype iterations. Thus, the client can customize the project and test each prototype of the project on each stage.
This phase converts the prototypes and beta systems into the working model. The process of the construction of the final working process takes less time. This is because all the changes and problems are dealt with the iterative design phase. Thus, the rapid construction phase prepares the project for construction. Moreover, it also develops the program and application.
As a result, coding is done and at the end unit integration and system, testing is performed. The cutover phase makes the product ready for launch. It is basically an implementation phase which includes data conversion, testing, and switches to a new system. The focus of lean development approach is the creation of change tolerant software.
Moreover, the goal of LD is to build software with least human effort. It also fewer development hours and investment. LD methodology represents the notion of stability. The rational unified process is an Agile Software Development Methodology. It splits the project lifecycle into four phases.
Like Agile methodology, the main purpose of RUP is to create high-quality software. Expected budget and time frame are two parameters on which it works. It is the very first stage which starts with the idea of the project.
The development team defines whether this project is worth pursuing or not. Also, the team also decides the requirements of the project.
The developers consider probable applications of the software and costs associated with the development. The construction stage is the third stage which writes, develops, and tests the software.
Thus, it completes the project. In the fourth stage of transition, the software is launched in the public. Also, the final adjustments or updates are made according to user feedback. RUP development methodology provides a designed approach for companies to visualize and create software programs. Besides, it offers a specific plan for each step of the development process. It also helps prevent resources from being wasted. Moreover, it also reduces unexpected development costs.
The DevOps deployment methodology focuses on organizational change. Therefore, enhances the collaboration between the responsible sectors for different segments of the development life cycle. For instance, development, quality assurance, and operations.
The advantages of DevOps are that it aims to automate continuous deployment to guarantee everything happens efficiently and reliably. Consequently, companies that use DevOps have profited by considerably reducing the time to market. And refining customer satisfaction, product excellence, and employee production and efficiency.
All the software development methodologies mentioned earlier are applicable in the area of software development. The requirements of the project select which methodology is best for the project. From Waterfall to Agile, each approach is selective to the project.
Nowadays, the most used methodologies include Agile development methodology and DevOps deployment methodology. The Agile method minimizes risks such as bugs, changing requirements, and cost overruns. It also provides multiple iterations and improves the efficiency of the software by finding and fixing the defects simultaneously.
The DevOps deployment method focuses on the improvement of time to market. It also lowers the failure rate of new releases and helps in the shortening of lead time between fixes.
DevOps benefits the companies because it improves customer satisfaction and enhances product quality. In conclusion, the Agile and DevOps are most functional software development approaches today. Due to the critical requirements of modern projects these two fits accordingly. History of Software Development The development of an information system began as early as up to The Idea of Project Management In , Henry Gantt and Frederick Taylor proposed the idea of project management by inventing the diagram of project management.
The Waterfall Approach The time of the s basically depended on code and fix methodologies. Agile Revolution The age of is the time of the Agile revolution. In , Agile manifesto was published. DevOps Approach DevOps was introduced in which is now the most reliable than other methodologies.
Software Development Methodologies Software Development Methodology is a framework used to plan, structure, and process the development of an information system. The Waterfall model is advantageous for some projects although it also has some disadvantages. The advantages of the Waterfall model are as follows Easy to explain to the client Structural approach Well defined stages Schedule the project The disadvantages of the Waterfall model are the following Difficult to return to the previous phase.
Less flexible Does not allow alteration of the previous stage Costly and consumes more time Thus, the Waterfall model is ideal for the projects which do not focus on changing the requirements.
The advantages of V-shaped model are as follows: Simple and easy to use Specific deliverable at each stage Higher chances of success as compared to the Waterfall model The following are the disadvantages of V-shaped model: Not flexible Difficult and expensive adjusting scope No early prototypes are made before the implementation stage Does not offer a clear solution for problems Therefore, projects having clearly defined and known software requirements use this model.
Evolutionary Prototype Model The prototype model refers to creating prototypes for software applications. Prototyping is of following types: Throwaway Prototyping: These are eventually discarded and does not become part of final software.
Incremental Prototyping: The final product is made after the creation of several separate prototypes. Extreme Prototyping: It breaks down web development into three phases. Hence, the projects which have large applications and systems use the spiral model.
Iterative and Incremental Model: This model overcomes the limitations of the Waterfall model. Agile Model: In the Agile model, the requirements and solutions developed through collaboration between cross-functional teams. Crystal Method: The crystal methods approach was created by Alistair Cock burn. DSDM is based on nine principles which are as following: Active user involvement An empowered team which encourages the authority to make decisions.
Focus on frequent product delivery Use of suitability for business purpose as a vital standard on acceptance the deliverable. Iterative and incremental development approach to ensure convergence on an accurate business solution. Reversible changes during the developmental process. Requirements baselines at high-level Integrated testing throughout the life cycle Cooperation and collaboration with all stakeholders.
Extreme Programming XP Methodology: The extreme programming methodology creates the software within very unstable conditions. The interaction between the developer and the client should be good. Take learning to an extreme level. Simple code is more likely to work Code reviews should be good. The testing code should be good. The XP can include hundreds of developers working simultaneously. Feature driven development methodology focuses on the following points: A scheme for building a system is necessary for scaling larger projects.
The well-defined process is ideal. All the steps of the project should be logical. Good processes move to the background, making the team more focus on the results. The short, Iterative, and feature driven life cycles are finest.
Feature drove development methodology proceeds to address the points mentioned earlier with this simple process: Development of an overall model. Feature list builds up. Feature plan Design by feature. Once development is complete, the product is tested against the initial requirements and rework is assigned.
The iterative methodology takes the waterfall model and cycles through it several times in small increments. Rather than stretching the entire project across the phases of the SDLC, each step is turned into several mini-projects that can add value as the product evolves.
The iterative approach shares many of the same goals as the agile model, except external customers are less involved and the scope of each increment is normally fixed. As its name suggests, the premise of DevOps is to bring development teams together with operational teams in order to streamline delivery and support. The advantages of such an approach are that changes become more fluid, while organizational risk is reduced.
Teams must have flexible resources in order for a DevOps arrangement to succeed. An evolution of the classic waterfall methodology, the v-model SDLC process steps are flipped upwards after the coding phase. The v-model has a very strict approach, with the next phase beginning only when the previous phase is complete.
For projects where requirements are static and clearly stated, and where early testing is desired, this approach can be a good choice. The spiral methodology allows teams to adopt multiple SDLC models based on the risk patterns of the given project. A blend of the iterative and waterfall approaches, the challenge with the spiral model is knowing when is the right moment to move onto the next phase.
The agile and lean approaches are closely interconnected, as they both focus on delivery speed and continuous improvement. In contrast, the lean model is rooted in manufacturing best practices where excess waste and effort are seen as the largest risk to an organization. When it comes to software and projects, the lean SDLC methodology focuses on reducing waste in every phase, including scheduling, cost, and scope.
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